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Almost on every pack of cigarettes contains information that smoking causes cancer. However, people who purchase tobacco products have become so accustomed to such exhortations, which practically do not pay any attention to them. Despite the fact that the messages on cigarette packs do not have the desired effect, the information provided to them, true and proven by years of research the world's leading scientists. Just the fact that smoking and cancer are interrelated, and official statistics indicate. Scientists have shown that cigarette smoke contains about 4,000 chemicals. At the same time sufficiently weighty share in the play carcinogens. One of the main features of these substances is that they are easily incorporated into the genetic material of cells and damage it. Thus, they provoke cancer. Cancer is quite common in modern society. They are dangerous not only because they cause discomfort and knock a person out of rut. Because cancer can over a long period of time is not ...

When a person puffs on the cigarette and tobacco smoke enters the lungs, and then into the blood, central nervous system is experiencing some excitement, but when it is braking and oppression. Later, it affects the functions of the body as a whole, and the activities of the senses is no exception. Already well-known fact that most smokers do not like sweets. This is because the language of the smoker is always a thick layer of viscous mucus, which in turn limits the access of food to the nerve endings (receptors) that are responsible for taste. Another of the side effects of nicotine and other toxic components of tobacco smoke - is the oppression of the nerve endings (receptors), or rather their activities are in the mouth. Violation of the perception of taste tested a simple way - you need to give the smoker and non-smokers equally sweetened or salted water. Smoker had difficulty with his right answer, and a non-smoker, in turn, can easily cope with this task. Impaired sense of taste,...

Its detrimental effects smoking has on the digestive organs, from the mouth. Once in the mouth, tobacco smoke, which has a high temperature begins its destructive work. Smoker's mouth unpleasant smells, the language is often overlaid with a touch of gray (an indicator of malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract). Under the influence of nicotine and tobacco smoke particles turn yellow and rot your teeth. Low smoke in my mouth about 50-60 degrees and the temperature of air entering the mouth is much lower. A large temperature difference is reflected in the teeth. Early in the spoils enamel, loosened and bleeding gums, tooth decay develops (the destruction of hard dental tissues with the formation of cavities), opening up, figuratively speaking, a gateway for infection. Some people believe that smoking reduces toothache. This is due to the toxic effect of tobacco smoke on the tooth nerve and mental factors of smoking as a distraction from the pain. However, the effect of this short a...

Inhaled into the body act harmful components of tobacco smoke. Available in smoke ammonia is irritating to mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, larynx, trachea and bronchi. As a result of developing a chronic inflammation of the airways. Stimulation ¬ Niko Tin nasal mucosa can lead to chronic catarrh, which is spreading on the course, which connects the nose and the ear can cause hearing loss. Smoke acts on the vocal cords. Prolonged smoking leads to the fact that in them is growing fibrous tissue, narrowing the glottis. Chronic irritation of the vocal cords change tone and color of pronunciation, the voice loses its purity and sonority becomes hoarse, that for singers, actors, teachers, lecturers may end professional unsuitability. Getting into the trachea and bronchi (the airways, the air enters the lungs), nicotine acts on their mucous membranes and the upper layer, which has to ¬ leblyuschiesya cilia, cleaning the air of dust and small particles. Nicotine paralyzes the cilia, and t...

The composition of tobacco smoke consists of hundreds of toxic components. It's the nicotine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, kontserogennye substances, essential oils, resins, tar. 14 of these poisons are drugs. And the people who suck the poisonous smoke, are the real tobacco addicts. When these toxic substances ingested into the lungs, they are immediately absorbed into the blood, and blood these poisons are destroying a human vitamin A. Vitamin A is a vitamin A and vitamin growth of good vision. What happens when a person sucks a toxic tobacco smoke? This applies to smoke cigarettes, cigarettes and even if someone else's smoke is inhaled by the smoker standing next to (the so-called passive smoking, which is also very harmful to the body). When these poisons are ingested into the lungs, they are immediately absorbed into the blood. As a result, begins a defensive reaction of the body: all the vessels is a spasm. That is, the vessel in response to cigarette smoke...

The fact that smoking affects the cardiovascular system - is not "scary", but, unfortunately, the sad reality. And while they write about it on every pack of cigarettes, the number of smokers in the world has not diminished. Many of those who are used to start your day than physical exercise, a puff of nicotine, such warnings are considered "fairy tales". These people simply believe that they did not happen. Unfortunately, experience shows the opposite: every year more than six million smokers die from heart disease. The most common diagnoses of smokers: myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris.  Yes, smoking affects the heart, no matter how much you smoked. The only difference is that if you smoke a lot, then you face a heart attack, and if not enough - coronary heart disease. Myocardial infarction. Smoking contributes to the narrowing of blood vessels, poor blood supply to organs. Moreover, as a result of smoking thicken the blood, an...

The main measures of prevention of dental caries are: - Regular oral health care; - Reducing the consumption of sugar; - The use of fluoride toothpaste; - Respect the right technology brushing; - Routine inspection at the dentist at least a half-year. However, it should be noted that in the wild any animal other than humans, does not clean teeth, and purposefully do not usually suffer from tooth decay. An important role in eliminating cariogenic situation has healthy respect for the body and good oral hygiene.

More caries affected teeth of the upper jaw, the teeth than the lower jaw. According to some researchers it is because of the lower jaw teeth are in constant motion, thus they are best cleaned of food residue and it fixes the conditions for the occurrence of dental caries. Of all the teeth most often affected six. This is due, apparently, because they are cut first. In second place are seven, the third - four, five, and the upper incisors, the fourth - teeth (three). Front teeth affected by caries of the lower jaw is very rare. In the localization of cavities in the teeth there is a certain regularity. So when caries lesions molars (six, seven, eight), the process begins at the chewing surfaces, grooves, or contact (side) surfaces. Canines are most frequently affected by caries in the necks of the teeth. On the tops of hills and cutting surfaces of the cavities does not occur.

Almost all of the pathological processes in the body originate from the thin, invisible disturbances at the biochemical molecular level. Since dental caries is an infectious disease caused by streptococcus, for him, as for many similar pathologies characteristic "incubation" period, during which the symptoms are not detected. Objectively (by examination, probing, temperature diagnostics) dental clinic found in the spots stage (see below), but the caries process occurs much earlier. Today it is known that the initial processes of demineralization (the loss of hard tissues of teeth minerals) occur before the detection of lesions visible under a microscope. These submicroscopic changes in the enamel surface occurs at the molecular level by reducing the level of acidity. German scientists, Elmar Hellwig, and Joachim Klimek call this early stage of the caries process, the initial lesion. The authors argue that "the beginning of an infectious disease should be considered as th...

The daily diet The systematic use of carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, fructose) in between meals. In the occurrence of cavities plays a role not so much the amount of sweets consumed as the frequency of their admission and their duration of stay in the mouth. Found that the protein deficiency, deficiency of vitamins D, A, C, etc. do not affect the occurrence of dental caries. Only a very crude supply shortages for a long time may be associated with an increased caries lesions. The influence of diet on the occurrence of dental caries is not limited to the influence of carbohydrates. Undisputed caries-preventive role of fluoride. Even another 60 - 80 years ago, the food is not exposed to intense cooking. Being tougher, it had a pronounced cleaning effect, and the result is self-cleaning of the teeth. Currently, the food has increased the amount of carbohydrates, especially refined (not less than 40 kg per year per capita). We used the food softer and does not require intensive treatment,...

Dental cavities (caries dentis) - a pathological process in which a loss of hard tissue minerals and softening with subsequent formation of cavities. According to statistics from different countries, the prevalence of dental caries among children and adult population ranges from 85 to 98%. In Poland 90% of school children affected by caries in the Czech Republic - 64-76%, in Britain and the U.S. - 98%. In Russia, caries of the teeth of the population is 80%.

The toothbrush is rarely thought about what a particular design, or that the bristles, stiffness, shape handles and other details can somehow affect the health. Dentists with this fundamentally disagree. This article is about what are toothbrushes and how to pick out this useful little thing. Today toothbrushes are subject to mandatory certification in several ways. First, there is rigidity. There are brushes hard (hard), of medium hardness (medium) and soft (soft). Some companies produce a very soft brush (extra soft). Hard brushes can be used for those who believe in their strong gums. It is these brushes provide the most powerful massage the gums. As for the cleaning bristles force, then it depends on the hardness of a lesser degree. Soft and very soft toothbrush should be preferred in the case of frequent bleeding gums, so as not to injure the addition of the already traumatized gums. Medium hard brush as if specially designed for those who doubt what to choose. The second thing wo...

Various promotional stunts make people choose certain types of toothpastes. It is not always the choice is correct. This note of what are toothpastes, and how they differ from each other. All pastas are divided into two groups - hygienic and prophylactic. The first group is only for cleaning the teeth from plaque food, as well as giving a pleasant mouth odor. These pastes are usually recommended for those who have healthy teeth, and has no reason for the occurrence of dental disease, and regular visits to the dentist. The majority of toothpastes is the second group - health care. Their purpose, in addition to cleaning the tooth surface, is the suppression of the microflora, which causes dental caries and periodontal disease, tooth enamel remineralization, reducing inflammation in periodontal diseases, as well as bleaching tooth enamel. There are protivokarioznye paste, which include calcium-and fluoride toothpaste, toothpaste with anti-inflammatory action ("Forest", "Col...

Artificial hygiene products (powders, mouthwashes, etc.) and the appropriate tools (toothpicks, brushes) for cleaning teeth used by man since ancient times. The Indian medical guidelines there is mention of brushing your teeth and rinse your mouth even 400 years before our era. There are many different formulations of powders, mouthwashes, which are used for mechanical cleaning and deodorization (removal of smell) of the mouth. Well-known folk remedies that were used for this purpose in different countries: charcoal, chalk, gypsum, the roots of certain plants, tar, cocoa beans, etc. In the recent past for cleaning teeth most commonly used dental powders. At first they produced for pharmacies in special recipes, and in the future - through the industry. The powders were composed of chalk or magnesium carbonate. They added finely pounded leaves or fruits of herbs (cinnamon, sage, violets, etc.) - They were later replaced by a variety of essential oils. The powders have changed toothpaste...

No need to be skeptical of the phrase: "How to brush your teeth," Believe me, nobody is going to show you the simple truth, or say that you do not know how to care for their teeth. We just want to invite you to read this article and learn something new. And suddenly, you sweep it, a curious fact, that you did not know. Let's start, as they say, from the beginning. It is advisable to brush your teeth so-called "standard method", which combines horizontal, vertical and circular movements. Cleaning of the teeth of both jaws, we recommend a certain scheme. Again, it is worth noting, we do not impose your opinion. We do not set a goal - to reproach you that you are not paying due attention to oral hygiene or neglect by any rules of individual hyenas. We only answer to the question: "How to brush your teeth." Visually, each jaw is divided into six segments: two anterior (incisors and canines), molars, right and left. Brushing your teeth, you can start from t...

No less important is the issue of quality of oral health among our children. In fact, it was you and I are responsible for ensuring that our children's teeth are clean until the child reaches the age where he will be in a position to consciously pay due attention to care for their teeth. We understand that young children lack the skills to effectively clean their teeth, which is why the help of parents in this difficult process is important. That we must always tell your children how to brush their teeth about how important it is to care for their teeth. It is important to remember that the baby teeth are more prone to caries than permanent, respectively, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the teeth. Generally, dear parents, the WHO recommends brushing your children need to start from the first day after they erupted. First, it is quite possible to do without toothpaste, and, in principle, without a toothbrush. Just twice a day, clean the baby teeth of wet cotton wool. When your c...

The question of when to brush your teeth, morning or evening, neprintsipialen. The main thing - the systematic, regular and routine oral health care as well as periodic tooth cleaning, carried out from time to time, say, on Sundays and public holidays, nothing. Plaque manages to soak up the salt and removed with a brush. The harmful effects of food residues and microbes remain in force. In addition, periodic stimulation of the gums is unlikely to be useful, while regular massage brush it acts prophylactically. It should be noted that the majority of toothpastes you can brush your teeth twice a day - morning and evening. This is the most rational oral hygiene. Powder should not brush your teeth once a day. If brushing is performed in the evening, morning, rinse your mouth vigorously enough. If you are brushing your teeth in the morning, evening mouthwash made after the last meal. With twice the oral care early morning brushing should be carried out after breakfast, and evening - after d...

If the role of the various elements of the spine in the occurrence of back pain excluded (notably the absence of local tenderness on pressure and tapping, the lack of X-ray disease), diseases of the thoracic and abdominal cavities were found, the cause of back pain can be a back muscle itself. We have already mentioned that concepts such as myalgia, muscular rheumatism, miogenez, fibrositis are used to indicate the disease state, which is caused by diseases of soft tissues. These definitions Diverging ¬ chats and is very inaccurate. If the soreness is caused by hematoma, requiring ¬ schinami, bruises, inflicted injury, the history provides sufficient ¬ accurate information even in cases where signs of trauma are no longer visible. Latour mus ¬ back can be painful in the beginning of the infectious diseases associated with high body temperature (influenza, pneumonia, typhoid, brucellosis, etc.). If there is fibrositis in the lumbar spine (in the acute or chronic), it is usually spoken o...

One of the causes of back pain with uncertain localization, are static disorder. Unusually for a long distance, an unusual posture can cause back pain and a healthy person, in the event of such pain may play a role, and any violation of the skeletal system, ligaments, muscles, joints and out of the chest. Scoliosis, coke, any violation, accompanied by an asymmetry (a shortening of one leg, hip dislocation, etc.) can lead to back pain in the same way as those disorders that are accompanied by mixing the center of gravity, changes in normal load (kyphoscoliosis, lumbar lordosis is a strong, obesity - especially large deposition of fat in the abdomen, ascites, etc.). In such cases, ¬ reason for pain is primarily the fact that instead of balanced tonus back muscles, regulated the autonomic nervous system, neural compensatory reductions come as the first cause fatigue, unpleasant condition, and then the pain. Such pain can be eliminated by a simple (orthopedic) Correction: wearing corsage. ...

This section will be very short, because it will be discussed only about the pain that really rasprestranyayutsya only the breast area. It will not speak about the causes of pain in the shoulder joint, the frequent back pain and sacral region. Will describe the causes and differential diagnosis is only pain, localized in the back, in the strict sense of the word of the line of the shoulder joint to the line of the lower thoracic vertebrae. Pain in this area may be due to disease of bone, cartilage, spine, ligaments, fascia, and various muscle membranes of the spinal cord and spinal nerves coming from here, due to diseases of op ¬ ganas not only breast cells ki, and the abdominal cavity, as well as congenital and acquired disorders of static associated with limb and pelvic bones system. And finally, back pain can be caused by diseases of muscles and the skin surface. Inspection and palpation of the back allow the patient to deter ¬ of many diseases that cause pain. The naked eye can dis...

Summer - it's time to leave. And also it's time to food poisoning. To avoid becoming a victim of some bacteria (salmonezy, for example) and do not sit on the toilet all weekend, or, God forbid, leave, you must be a simple and effective rules that will be given below. The main causes of poisoning the summer can be a walk in nature with a diverse forest eating sweets (of course, why wash), strawberries, cucumbers and tomatoes from the garden, barbecue and outdoor recreation. In addition, it is time to begin mushroom, poisoning, which leads to disastrous consequences. Well, if only a little after poisoning illness of the stomach, sit on the toilet, manifest diarrhea or vomiting. Or perhaps a far more serious. That we have not touched the topic of food poisoning in the summer on the beach, the poisoning of poor quality water. These topics will be posyascheny following publication. By weight, food poisoning can be divided into easy, medium and severe food poisoning. In medicine, foo...

As soon as the summer season, we hear and read that a tan can be taken only at a certain time until the sun is fairly safe for the skin. Right sunbathe need at this time of the morning, while not included in the zenith of up to 10-11 hours, and after 16. And stay in the sun for more than two hours is harmful to the body. To avoid burns, accustom the body to the sun gradually. Start with a couple of minutes tanning in the sun a day, constantly increasing the time sunbathing. As a rule, occur as soon as the days are warm, we go to t-shirts, shorts, not daring to immediately strip to bikini - and it's the right decision. Just because a tan in the sun will be a beautiful, uniform, and the skin will not burn. The question of proper sun in hot countries is especially important. Hiding under a straw umbrella, people think that they are defended from the sun. This is not the case, the rays penetrate through the defense. But they are not as warm, plus the wind, that's a feeling of comfo...

First of all, you have to pay maximum attention to the protection of their skin. And no wonder! After a warm summer day, it is unfortunately subject to many adverse effects. Heat, dust, ultraviolet rays of the sun - all this is bad for the skin, irritating it and causing premature aging. Therefore, in the summer should pay special attention to day cream. They have to protect the skin from ultraviolet rays, that is, contain sunscreens are stronger than you used in the winter (that is, on average, 10-20). But, unfortunately, many do not knowingly buy sunscreen, thinking that they prevent the occurrence of sunburn. This is not the case. If you use these drugs appears tan on his face, of course, not so fast as usual. But it is more even and steady, while the face and our body is not applied to almost any harm. As in winter, summer day cream must protect your skin from free radicals that oxidize skin cells and cause their death. This function operates vitamins E, C, B, A, are included in ma...